Gambling is an activity where a person risks something of value (such as money or possessions) in the hope of winning more than they lose. It involves a conscious decision to take a risk and can have serious consequences if a person is not in control of their behaviour. It has been shown that people with gambling problems are more likely to have other mental health disorders and to be at greater risk of suicide.
It is important to understand that not all gambling is harmful and some people may be able to gamble responsibly. However, for those with a gambling disorder it can lead to significant financial and personal difficulties. The prevalence of problematic gambling varies by country and even within the same population. Some studies suggest that around 2.5 million adults in the United States have a severe problem while others estimate that up to 5-8 million people have mild or moderate gambling disorders. Those who are most vulnerable to developing a gambling disorder are those with low incomes, especially young people and men.
When most people think of gambling they may imagine a casino, slot machines or playing bingo. But gambling is actually much more than that. It can include buying lottery tickets, scratch cards and office pools, playing video games where a player can win real money, or putting together a fantasy football team. The truth is that no matter what you bet on – there is always a chance of losing more than winning.
The risk of gambling can be increased when it becomes a coping mechanism for unpleasant emotions or stressors. Many people gamble to relieve boredom, loneliness or depression, and as a way of socialising with friends. Research suggests that people who use gambling to self-soothe have a higher chance of developing a gambling disorder. Gambling can also trigger the brain’s reward system, which releases dopamine, the ‘feel-good’ neurotransmitter. This is why it can feel so satisfying when you win. But the same neurological response occurs when you lose, which can prevent you from regulating your behaviour.
There are a number of ways to address a gambling addiction, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). CBT will look at your beliefs about betting and how you think about the chances of winning. It will also help you to learn more about your triggers and how to manage them.
It is vital that you talk to someone about your gambling issues who won’t judge you. This could be a family member, friend or professional counsellor. You can also reduce the risk factors for gambling by avoiding casinos and other gaming venues, reducing the amount of money you carry and spending time with friends who don’t gamble. It can also help to find other recreational activities or hobbies. Some people with gambling problems are able to recover on their own, but for those who cannot stop or keep their gambling under control there are treatment and rehabilitation programmes available that provide round-the-clock support.